- What is Dementia?
Dementia is a progressive brain disease that affects memory, intelligence, and personality, often developing after age 65. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, caused by protein buildup in brain nerve cells, forming plaques that disrupt thinking, behavior, and memory.
The exact causes of dementia remain unclear, but risk factors include family history, high blood pressure, smoking, excessive alcohol use, and thyroid problems. Engaging in mentally stimulating activities can also reduce risk, though these are not direct causes of dementia.
- Symptoms of Dementia
1. Memory Loss: Short-term memory is impacted first. Individuals may forget recent activities or conversations but retain memories from years ago. They may repeat words or actions because they forget having done them.
2. Cognitive Decline: The ability to think, reason, perform basic arithmetic, or mimic others diminishes.
3. Personality Changes: Dementia can alter a person’s behavior and personality, leading to irritability, confusion, or erratic actions.
- Dementia Prevention
Preventing dementia involves adopting a healthy lifestyle, managing conditions like diabetes and high blood pressure, and keeping the brain active through intellectual engagement. People who maintain active minds are at a lower risk.
- Dementia Treatment
While there is no cure, dementia’s progression can be slowed with medication, lifestyle changes, and psychological therapy. Treatment involves a collaborative approach:
Neurologists manage memory-related issues.
Psychiatrists address cognitive and personality problems.
Physiotherapists, caregivers, and family members often play crucial roles in providing comprehensive care and support.
- Raising Awareness
The risk of dementia increases with age, especially after 65. It’s essential to recognize that forgetfulness and unusual behavior in seniors are not simply normal aging signs but could be symptoms of dementia. Early detection and treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected.
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